Health insurance protects your well-being by providing financial coverage for medical expenses.
These expenses can include the cost of doctor and emergency room visits, daily prescription medications taken for chronic or long-term conditions, one-time expenses like surgeries or, depending on the insurance plan, paramedical expenses like massage therapy and chiropractic expenses.
1. Provincial and Territorial Health Plans
Each of Canada’s provinces and territories offer government-funded health insurance plans to residents living in that area.
While each provincial and territorial plan is different, there are certain basic health care expenses that are almost always covered.
These include:
- Visits with a doctor, including walk-in clinic and emergency room visits
- Hospital stays if needed, medications provided while in hospital
- Dental surgeries performed in the hospital
- Most of the costs associated with ambulance services (some provinces require patients to pay a nominal fee)
Did You Know?
If you are travelling within Canada and need medical care outside of your own province, the costs associated with that care are usually reimbursed at the rates set by your home province.
2. Employee Supported Health Insurance
While all employers are different, most full-time, permanent employees are eligible for some sort of medical coverage that supplements the benefits provided by the government in the province or territory where you live.
Companies will usually consider multiple health insurance providers and compare the plans that they offer, and select a provider like Manulife, Canada Life, Green Shield or Blue Cross for the plan they provide to their employees as part of their total benefits package.
Most of these plans cover not only the employee, but also their spouse, partner, or children under the age of 19.
Children who are over the age of 19 can oftentimes also be covered.
This can differ based on your plan, so be sure to ask your insurance provider for details on who is covered.
Employees can access these plans at very competitive rates to have medical expenses covered that are not paid for by their government-provided health insurance plan.
These expenses typically include physiotherapy, mental health care, extended vision and dental benefits, orthodontics, massage therapy, chiropractic care, semi-private rooms if hospitalization is needed, home-based post-operative healthcare, medical equipment like wheelchairs and more.
Many plans also cover out-of-country health insurance to protect you if you get sick or injured while you’re travelling.
Some employers cover the cost of these health insurance plans as part of their employee benefits package, while others subsidize the cost and have their employees contribute, deducting the employee portion of the cost from employee pay cheques.
Some of these plans are optional, while others are a mandatory part of employment.
Did You Know?
Some companies offer a healthcare spending account (HCSA) as part of their health insurance offering. A HCSA gives you a certain amount of money you can use over the course of a year to cover a wide range of medical services. Here is a list of the medical expenses covered by employee healthcare spending accounts.
3. Purchasing Your Own Health Insurance
If you’re a self-employed Canadian, work part-time, or don’t qualify for an employer-sponsored health insurance plan, finding coverage that goes beyond what government programs provide can be a real challenge. But there are options.
Many of the same insurance providers that offer group benefits to large employers also provide individual plans. These plans often cover similar types of expenses such as dental, vision, and prescription medications, but the cost is paid by you directly.
Before you choose a plan, take time to compare providers, review the types of coverage they offer, and understand the total costs involved.
For incorporated business owners, there’s another good option. You can set up a Health Spending Account (HSA), which allows your corporation to reimburse you for eligible personal medical expenses tax-free, while claiming those reimbursements as a business deduction.
Many out-of-pocket healthcare costs may also be eligible for a tax credit for those who aren’t business owners, including services like physiotherapy, dental care, mental health support, and more.
You can review the full list of eligible expenses on the CRA website:
Eligible medical expenses you can claim on your tax return.
In some cases, even your private health insurance premiums could qualify for a tax credit. Speak with an accountant or tax advisor to understand what applies in your case.
